The performances of others are often selected as standards for self-improvement of abilities
Moral justification is a powerful disengagement mechanism. Destructive conduct is made personally and socially acceptable by portraying it in the service of moral ends. This is why most appeals against violent means usually fall on deaf ears.
From the social cognitive perspective, it is mainly perceived inefficacy to cope with potentially aversive events that makes them fearsome. To the extent that people believe they can prevent, terminate, or lessen the severity of aversive events, they have little reason to be perturbed by them. But if they believe they are unable to manage threats safely, they have much cause for apprehension.
Reasonably accurate appraisal of one's own capabilities is, therefore, of considerable value in successful functioning. Large misjudgments of personal efficacy in either direction have consequences. People who grossly overestimate their capabilities undertake activities that are clearly beyond their reach. As a result, they get themselves into considerable difficulties, undermine their credibility, and suffer needless failures. Some of the missteps, of course, can produce serious, irreparable harm
People regulate their level and distribution of effort in accordance with the effects they expect their actions to have. As a result, their behavior is better predicted from their beliefs than from the actual consequences of their actions
Accomplishment is socially judged by ill defined criteria so that one has to rely on others to find out how one is doing.
Misbeliefs in one's inefficacy may retard development of the very subskills upon which more complex performances depend
Coping with the demands of everyday life would be exceedingly trying if one could arrive at solutions to problems only by actually performing possible options and suffering the consequences.
Among the types of thoughts that affect action, none is more central or pervasive than people's judgments of their capabilities to deal effectively with different realities
Perceived self-inefficacy predicts avoidance of academic activities whereas anxiety does not
Gaining insight into one's underlying motives, it seems, is more like a belief conversion than a self-discovery process
People who regard themselves as highly efficacious act, think, and feel differently from those who perceive themselves as inefficacious. They produce their own future, rather than simply foretell it.
The human condition is better improved by altering detrimental circumstances and personal perspectives than by trying to alter personal outlooks, while ignoring the very circumstances that serve to nourish them
Success and failure are largely self-defined in terms of personal standards. The higher the self-standards, the more likely will given attainments be viewed as failures, regardless of what others might think.
Freedom [should not be] conceived negatively as exemption from social influences or situational constraints. Rather...positively as the exercise of self-influence to bring about desired results.
Persons who have a strong sense of efficacy deploy their attention and effort to the demands of the situation and are spurred by obstacles to greater effort.
People who are insecure about themselves will avoid social comparisons that are potentially threatening to their self-esteem
The effects of outcome expectancies on performance motivation are partly governed by self-beliefs of efficacy
The satisfactions people derive from what they do are determined to a large degree by their self-evaluative standards
One cannot afford to be a realist.
A theory that denies that thoughts can regulate actions does not lend itself readily to the explanation of complex human behavior.
Self-doubt creates the impetus for learning but hinders adept use of previously established skills
People behave agentically, but they produce theories that afford people very little agency.
Social cognitive theory rejects the dichotomous conception of self as agent and self as object. Acting on the environment and acting on oneself entail shifting the perspective of the same agent rather than reifying different selves regulating each other or transforming the self from agent to object
Even the self-assured will raise their perceived self-efficacy if models teach them better ways of doing things.
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